How Does Art Reflect Britain Essay examples - 1374 Words

Choose one aspect (art) and show how this reflects the British character and UK society. You can also introduce a brief comparison with your own country. For many years Britain have its own unique and old history, for example, art. But in the beginning, British art was not as wide-ranging and popular as the present. It develops as time goes on, and there was big difference between each period, such as The Ambassadors from 1533, showing the lifestyle of upper class, Rain, Steam and Speed from 1844, it reflects that industrialists had new production techniques, Just what is it†¦? from 1956 which combined both fantasy and realism, and so forth. All those famous or non-famous works have shown the different themes and reflected the†¦show more content†¦The particular brushstrokes used for the rain create a veil over the speeding train as it travels to its destination. The translucency of the greys and whites of the clouds emphasizes the intensity of the rain, while fading out the distant bridge and the landscape left behind. The artist’s blending of rustic colors adds warmth to the painting. In that time, industria l developed rapidly, Turner use the light colors to demonstrate a full of hope and a brighter future is coming. Just what is it†¦? (1956), was created by Richard Hamilton, who was one of the founders of the British pop movement in 1955. In that time, it was the heyday of the post-war boom years in the US, when everyone was buying homes, cars and what-will-they-think-of-next machines like toasters and dishwashers. In 1957, Hamilton wrote what pop art was for him: Popular (designed for a mass audience); transient (short-term solution); expendable (easily forgotten); low cost; mass produced; young (aimed at youth); witty; sexy; gimmicky; glamorous; and last but not least, Big Business. (History of Collage by Eddie Wolfram, p. 159) Pop art embraced everyday art from ads, commercials, the media and culture at large, particularly advertising. Through clip art and photography he created a realism screen in order to publicize the advertising. He did not share pop arts idolization of advertisements and comic strips, or theShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of British Art On The World Of Art And Oppor tunities1677 Words   |  7 PagesBritish art is respected across the world for it’s unique techniques and skills used for painting. A lot of artist from around the world visit Britain for it’s thick culture in the world of art and opportunities. Almost all ‘Minority art’ made in Britain falls into one of the two baskets, either it is created by an artist from an African- American/ Caribbean origin, or by the common people of the Indian-sub continental background. Despite of the attempts made to accumulate these two inconsequentialRead MoreThe Art Cinema As A Mode Of Film Essay948 Words   |  4 PagesArticle: The Art Cinema as a Mode of Film Bordwell, D. (1979). The art cinema as a mode of film practice. Film Criticism, 4(1), 56-64. †¨ David Bordwell wrote his article ‘The Art Cinema as a Mode of Film’ in an effort to convey the main idea that â€Å"art cinema† can be considered as a distinct mode of film practice, through its definite historical existence alongside other cinematic modes, set of formal conventions, and implicit viewing procedures. Rather than searching for the source of the art, or whatRead MoreA Hard Day s Night1238 Words   |  5 Pageshighly influential economic and social factors of the film A Hard Day’s Night between the audience of Britain and the United States. A Hard Day’s Night was filmed by American enterprises by producer Walter Shenson and director Richard Lester. The film was created to expand the fame and musical recognition of the Beatles among the America and Britain. The intended purpose of the musical comedy was to reflect the public and private lives of The Beatles by taking the audience on a whimsical journal throughRead MoreHunchback Of Notre Dame Film Analysis1228 Words   |  5 PagesWhen one examines a work of art, context often casts the work in a radically different light. Art does not exist in a vacuum, and nearly every work of art is influenced both by its surrounding environment, and comments or critiques upon that environment. Since its inception, film has been a widely accessible venue for these critiques and often serve as time capsules of what people from a certain time and place thought about the world. Not only that, but film also marks different shifts in politicalRead MoreCritical Essay : Critical Nature1561 Words   |  7 Pagesevaluations. Criticism are widely applied to literary text and art making, and everyone has his/her own critical nature toward these works. At the same time, I am exploring and experiencing my own critical nature. Through my artworks and theories that I learned from Critical Inquiry class, I gradually developed a personal theory of how to think and work critically. (have problem with thesis As an artist who make wide range works, I do not see my art has a common theme in any specific field. However, my criticalRead MoreRudyard Kipling s The Jungle Book1375 Words   |  6 PagesIndia (McNamara and Kipling, Rudyard Hutchinson Encyclopedia). He himself was rumored to be an imperialist for Britain. Throughout his lifetime Kipling lived in Britain, India, and the United States of America (Kipling, Rudyard World Authors). He used his many experiences from these areas to shape his writings. Kipling was also highly interested in the military affairs of Britain and managed to convince his son to join the military. In turn, this led Kipling and his wife to volunteer in the RedRead MoreArt Is A Kind Of Illness Essay1708 Words   |  7 Pages Art can be defined differently by each person. In fact, many recognized artists from different fields have diverse definitions about art. For example, Pablo Picasso stated: Art is a lie that makes us realize truth, at least the truth that is given us to understand. Or the famous choreographer Twyla Tharp who said that Art is the only way to run away without leaving home. Even this interesting definition by Giacomo Puccini: Art is a kind of illness. For me, art can be any form of expressionRead MoreComparing the Industrialization of Britain and Japan Essay1553 Words   |  7 PagesComparing the industrialization of Britain and Japan Two ships can arrive at the same destination; however that does not necessarily mean that they used the same route on their journey. Such is the same with the industrialization of Britain and Japan. Both rose to become the two great pioneers of the modern world; however the paths they took to success were different. This paper will compare Japan and Britain, exploring the causes of its industrialization, and how the countries drastically changedRead MoreWhat Makes a Good Manager978 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: The Merriam Webmaster online dictionary (2010) defines management as: â€Å"The act or art managing: the conducting or supervising of something (as a business)†. The word â€Å"art† is used in this formal definition of management because in some aspects, it is a kind of art as much as a science. The person who conducts, supervises or manages a business or household affairs is known as manager. According to the Oxford English Dictionary (2010), Manager is the person responsible forRead MoreThe Assassination Of Archduke Ferdinand1247 Words   |  5 Pageswar into it its fiery beginnings. However, to say the killing was a â€Å"spark† implies that the makings for â€Å"a fire† were already present, and upon examination of the offered documents this becomes true in multiple aspects. In fact, the given sources reflect that the existing tensions in pre-war Europe, combined with what amounted to anticipation of the conflict, all resulted in a kind of w arfare unseen and unexpected by pre-war Europe, which thusly ended in what history sometimes calls one of the most

Growing Up in Araby by James Joyce and Boys and Girls by...

Growing Up in Araby by James Joyce and Boys and Girls by Alice Munro In the stories â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce, and â€Å"Boys and Girls† by Alice Munro, there is a common theme of growing up. In both of these stories the characters came to a realization of who they were and what they wanted to be. They both are of the age when reality strikes and priorities take on meaning. The characters in both stories evolve through rites of passage but the way in which these revolutions occur differ with each character. These stories can be seen as different from each other in many ways. The young boy lives in a house in a suburban area without a mother or a father, but with guardians. He has a group of friends nearby he hangs out with. Though, he has no†¦show more content†¦Both kids seem lonely and in their own realm. They are both going through a time in their life where they are changing. Each character, in his or her own way, came to a realization. The boy in â€Å"Araby†, found the â€Å"finer† things in life. He no longer will be a little kid playing ball in the street, like his friends. He now frowns upon them for being such â€Å"children†. I think his revolution came when he went to Araby to buy a gift. He was so distraught by being late and having to wait upon somebody else that, he now wants to be his own man. He wants to be in charge of his own self, without having to wait around for permission from other people, especially when their not even his parents. The young girl in â€Å"Boys and Girls† by Munro, follows her father around and does the job of a â€Å"boy†. She was learning to shoot a gun, gave the foxes water, raked the grass after her father cut it and made a canopy for the foxes with it, and anything else her father told her to do. She thought the work in the house by her mother was â€Å" endless, dreary and peculiarly depressing.† Yet, â€Å"Work done out of doors, and in my father’s service, was ritualistically important.† Whenever her mother gave her â€Å"female† jobs to do indoors, she would â€Å" run out of the house, trying to get out of earshot before (her) mother thought of what she wanted her to do next.† She loathed the womanly work done inside. She didShow MoreRelatedHow I Met My Husband And Araby Analysis1550 Words   |  7 Pagesthem in order to mature. In How I Met My Husband and Araby, both authors showed how their main characters developed over time. Each ma in character from both stories transitioned from a child to a young adolescent. However, each character’s path differs in order to find themselves. For instance, How I Met My Husband is told in the first person point of view and the main character is a girl. Whereas, Araby is told from the perspective of a young boy. Both characters are around the same age and begin

Social Media Project for Religious Equality- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theSocial Media Projectfor Religious Equality in India. Answer: Religious Equality in India India is a diverse country with many religion existing under a diverse ethnic background (Young 2016). Religion is considered as an important part of the cultural heritage of India. India is characterized by some major religions such as Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Hinduism. The act of religious tolerance as well as religious diversity are established by law in the country. The story commences with the flag of India which signifies the country which is home to a diverse religious entity. The next graphics illustrates the different cultural diversities of the world such as Christianism, Islamism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Hinduism, Judaism and others. This picture is followed by a post, which says that he prefers India for the different religions and castes that exists here (Samartha 2015). He also believes in the fact that there should be equality in the castes and religion of the country. This would give India better control over political, economic and social decision making (Samartha 2015). The next post is being done by a person who has found that in Kerala state of India, there is peaceful co-existence of the religion as well as gender equality. In the next post, the concept of secularism is brought into light. The principle of secularism lies in the fact that there is separation of the different government institutions so that they can represent the diff erent religious institutions (Smith 2015). In the next post, there is one of the hot issues of the Indian religious sentiments. There are instances when the Hindu deities are insulted or there have been subjected to vulgar terms (Singh 2016). This have hurt the religious sentiments of Hindus, who are considered as the majority religion in India. The next post throws light on the different kind of religion ego clashes, which are evident in India. India has religious majority(Hindus) and religious minority too (such as Muslims), which is the reason for different kinds of religious ego clashes. All the religion should be respected and the sentiments of the individual communities should be kept in mind. The next post focusses on the threat of RSS in India, who is held responsible for misusing the religious sentiments of India (Siddiqui 2016). It should not be forgotten that India shares its 1880 km borders with the country Bangladesh, along with four other states such as Assam, Tripura, Mizoram and Meghalaya (Rahman 2014). The next post urges that it is essential for Indians to have right to freedom for choosing a religion of their choice. This would give equality in the country. India is a country in which the government has tried to make it a secular state so that the citizens freedom is protected (Mukherjee 2016). Religion in India has been characterized by different religious belief. Wikipedia shows the fact that India is home to major religions. Final Verdict The final verdict post shows that there should be greater equality among all the religion, that would give more prosperity to the nation. References Mukherjee, S., 2016. Isnt It Yet Time for Indian Government to Have a Behavioral Science Unit?.Psychological Studies,61(2), pp.91-95. Rahman, M.M., 2014. Trade Potential and Economic Cooperation between Bangladesh and Northeast India.Economic corridors in south asia, p.179. Samartha, S.J., 2015.One Christ--Many Religions: Toward a Revised Christology. Wipf and Stock Publishers. Singh, K.C., 2016. In the Service of Nationalism: Women in the Hindu Nationalist Paradigm.Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences,9(3), pp.493-515. Smith, D.E., 2015.India as a secular state. Princeton University Press. Young, C., 2016.Ethnic diversity and public policy: A comparative inquiry. Springer.

Our Life Is Affected by Excess Clutter That Weighs Us Down Essay Example

Our Life Is Affected by Excess Clutter That Weighs Us Down Essay It was a necessary realization to me how much living among excess clutter could harm my health, physically and emotionally. We may think it is just a cleaning process, but the depth of the problem will open our eyes to realize how and why the effect of clutter weighs us down. Why it is hard to unclutter? Why can’t it be organized? Why is more clutter mounting up? Emotionally attached objects are hard to get rid of. New attractive items are found in markets all the time. Consequently, clutter can easily mount up in one’s life. Clutter and disorganization impairs productivity. By knowing these facts as problems, we can start searching for the solutions to make our life so much easier. I wanted to find solutions as I was living with excess clutter! I will be introducing a practical method to end excess clutter called â€Å"Danshari. † Danshari is a new notion of de-cluttering that has been prevalent in Japan. The idea includes the concept of removing the emotional burden that comes with having too many items. Furthermore, Danshari teaches people to let go of their burdens and make clear plans for a better future. We need to understand that clutter is created by unorganized people who are creating physical and mental danger for themselves. Physically, if one lives in a cluttered house, one probably doesn’t eat well, because the kitchen isn’t functional. The person most likely doesn’t even know what is in the refrigerator and whether or not their food is contaminated. We will write a custom essay sample on Our Life Is Affected by Excess Clutter That Weighs Us Down specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Our Life Is Affected by Excess Clutter That Weighs Us Down specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Our Life Is Affected by Excess Clutter That Weighs Us Down specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer People start to realize the need of de-cluttering when there is a distinct element of danger due to the excess clutter. However, unless one is highly organized, one would most likely understate the problem. People may think it is an issue of space when they approach the problem of de-cluttering. However, this subjectively viewed space problem can be solved by organizing accordingly by acquiring trash bags and containers. According to David F. Tolin, Director of the Anxiety Disorders Center at the Institute of Living in Hartford, CT, and an adjunct associate professor of psychiatry at Yale, â€Å"Hoarding is not just a house problem; it’s also a person problem. † (Tolin, Frost, Steketee, 2007) The person needs to fundamentally change their behavior. The victims of this excess clutter problem would be the clinically defined hoarders; however, many people can find problems similar to the hoarder’s behaviors. I must state that the hoarders I am referring to are different from collectors, as an expert explains as follows: A definition of hoarding that discriminates clinical hoarding syndromes from collecting and normal saving involves: (a) the acquisition of, and failure to discard, a large number of possessions that appear to be useless or of limited value; (b) living spaces sufficiently cluttered so as to preclude activities for which those spaces were designed; (c) significant distress or impairment in functioning caused by the hoarding. † (Steketee Frost, 2006) Hoarding has been reported in a variety of disorders. One of the problems is that hoarding involves the inability to discard worthless or worn out items. Some individuals firmly believe that all personal objects have emotional attachments. Consequently, they are unable to separate themselves from emotionally charged items that they feel holds some sort of personal memory. Those people may object to an uncluttering proposal because they may think and feel that all items are essential and they are unable to differentiate between essential and non-essential items. It is an understandable time consuming process; however, one must realize that failure to organize and de-clutter will often result in decreased feelings of well-being. Kupfermann (2011) in the New York Times article â€Å"The hoarder fights back,† opposes the notion that de-cluttering increases the level of mental health by demonstrating the traumatic experience of the de-cluttering process at her house. Kupfermann (2011) argued that de-cluttering, Zen-like simplicity, or Feng-Shui practice would drain our feelings and leave us with emptiness. When Kupfermann was urged to clean her house for her child’s wedding, she reluctantly agreed to de-clutter objects with her minimalist friend who suggested going through the de-cluttering process. As Kupfermann’s memorable objects went into trash bags by the friend’s hand, she felt embarrassment, distress, and anger. After the friend declared gleefully there were ten containers to de-clutter, Kupfermann felt emptiness in her mind by losing irreplaceable memorial objects. Kupfermann (2011) addressed a noticeable drawback of de-cluttering, â€Å"Feng-shui experts will tell you that clearing the clutter is like weeding a garden to let the flowers emerge. Clear the decks and youll make space to let new things into your life. Kupfermann opposed, â€Å"less is not always more; sometimes it really is less. † As a self-identified hoarder, Kupfermann falls into the expert definition of a hoarder; (a) the acquisition of, and failure to discard, a large number of possessions that appear to be useless or of limited value. It appears that Kupfermann’s feeling was fear that many hoarders experience. According to empirical evidence, many hoarder’s fear is derived from the belief that they must keep items in sight, otherwise they will lose or forget the personal value these items hold. Kupfermann experienced emptiness which made her feel insecure. The feeling of distress, insecurity, and anxiety caused by the notion of de-cluttering is the factor that interferes most with the hoarder’s problem of organization and systematization. Furthermore, compulsive buying disorder is featured in hoarding. Donald W. Black, MD, Professor at the University of Iowa, stated that compulsive buying disorder (CBD) is characterized by excessive shopping cognitions and buying behavior that leads to distress or impairment. Black, 2007) The study of hoarders’ brain activity by Tolin, Frost, Steketee (2007) provides evidence that hoarders have difficulty in decision making, organizing, and planning. Hoarders’ brain activities were scanned and tracked while they looked at various possessions and made decisions about whether to keep them or throw them away. The items were shredded in front of them, so they knew the decision was irreversible. When a hoarder was making de cisions about throwing away items, there was increasing activity in the orbitofrontal cortex, a part of the brain involved in decision making, organizing, and planning. Tolin, 2012) Moreover, since hoarding is associated with difficulties in organizing possessions, acquiring more clutter results in an endless chain of problems for hoarders. Materialism is another dimension that contributed to hoarding problems in today’s society. A new line of products always allures shoppers despite the marketing strategy of manufactures. The shoppers can have the instant gratification of purchasing an item to improve social status and that will speak of their place in the tradition of affluence. It is apparent that oods have an important place in most consumers’ dreams, if not in their hearts. Yet it is not the goods themselves that people desire, but rather the benefit those goods provide, i. e. , an increase in comfort or pleasure, the ability to accomplish new tasks, and the perce ption of others when they regard what we own. Holdbrook (2002), the W. T. Dillard Professor of Marketing in the Graduate School of Business at Columbia University, defined materialism in his book, Consumer Value : A Framework for Analysis and Research reported on the importance a consumer attaches to worldly possessions. According to Holdbrook (2002), materialism is a value orientation in which individuals, 1) place possessions and their acquisition at the center of their lives, and 2) believe that possessions lead to important life satisfactions. If one doesn’t see a hoarding problem, one might not identify hoarding behaviors as a high-priority problem. The awareness of a potential hoarding problem and its solution could be beneficial to anyone who is willing to consider an alternative living context and overcome problems of indecisiveness. The process may take a long time depending on the person; however, the advantages are multidimensional. As mentioned earlier, individuals who see objects as value refers to the emotional meaning attached to the possession. With items that have a personal symbolic meaning, such as a particularly important time in their life, a radically different decision making process as a result of organization and structure will most likely take considerable time. Kupfermann’s (2011) experience with her minimalist friend resulted in her rejecting the beneficial aspects of de-cluttering. Clutter should not be referred to as weeds, as those items hold some very important memories of people’s lives. Her friend was not attuned to Kupfermann’s feelings and item attributions, therefore Kupfermann had a traumatic experience resulting in the emergence of feelings and cognitions counter to the process of de-cluttering. One could argue that if the items are reassuring one’s feelings, one should keep the items and not necessarily discard them. It is important to take time to organize those memorable items. Through the process of organization, we will find out which objects reassure positive feelings and which do not. Memories are not in the objects themselves but they are within the individual. If one thinks every object reassures positive feelings, one is presumably living in the past, not in present. People will achieve a significant relationship with de-cluttering objects, finding essential objects in their life. The difference is how the individual took care of these memorable items; whether to treat them as clutter or keep them as cherished memories, neatly organized and even beautifully displayed. If the item is important enough to keep as a memorable item, one would not just put the item somewhere that is hard to find, one would organize it and possibly proudly display the item. This type of cognitive attribution and style of thought is the difference between the collectors and the hoarders. Another possible drawback of this proposal would be the time for the decision making processes that will enter into making a choice between essential and non-essential personal items. A person may raise the question as to whether or not the decision to unclutter would be correct which may cause a certain level of distress. Most people think they don’t have enough time in their day. When will people find the time to organize and dispose of items when there are numerous simultaneous decisions that need to be made? People are proficient at making excuses. Nevertheless, we should realize that in the long term, the time it takes to search and find a cluttered item will most likely be temporally similar as the process of de-cluttering and organizing. I would like to describe â€Å"Danshari (Yamashita ,2012)†, the notion of de-cluttering that is sweeping Japan. It is written with three chinese characters that indicates respectively, refusal, disposal and separation. The proposer, Hideko Yamashita, learned this notion through the study of Yoga which taught her to â€Å"let go,† as signified with the three chinese characters. There are psychological and religious dimensions mostly from zen which suggests the disposal of mental burden, along with the physical excess of clutter. As I am from Japan, this notion was easily accepted knowing the meaning of each chinese character. It is important to acquire the ability to distinguish what is essential to us and what is not essential in order to live positively with organized thought. It is the ability to make firm and logical decisions about what to keep and what to reject, and then engaging in the behavioral expression of disposal. One will gain control and personal reedom from the ability to emotionally separate oneself from those items that are no longer needed. There are many tips to being able to detach from emotionally charged objects. I will introduce a couple of tips; in regards to gifted items purchased by other people, if these gifts are undesirable, appreciate the kindness of the purchaser, then give the gift away to someone who can use it. When purch asing an item, consider if you already possess an item or similar item, and what is the purpose of the item you are considering purchasing. Key phrases to remember are â€Å"optimum amount,† â€Å"optimum quality†, and â€Å"optimum relationship. Keeping these concepts in one’s mind teaches a sense of function and practicality. Danshari (2002) teaches us to discard our lingering, illogical, and impractical senses. The de-cluttering practice allows us to realize and recognize the culminating effect of clutter, restricted space, and crowding which interferes with people’s ability to think clearly and act accordingly. As clutter becomes less prominent and cognitions become clearer and free of distraction, the mental condition improves and people’s quality of life improves. The most important impact achieved by Danshari (2002) is high self-affirmation. Humans are sensitive to environmental conditions. Living in a space where all objects suit one’s preference and need, one will feel welcomed by the space. Additionally, quality objects with the highest level of emotional attachment still remain by practicing the careful selection of memorable goods. Moreover, the Danshari (2002) practice will strengthen the ability for the discernible selection of activities and people. Danshari is also utilized as a training module to help people view themselves from another perspective on how much people cling to the past. By being able to re-orient themselves to the here-and-now, people will start to feel for the moment. References 1. Black. D. A review of compulsive buying disorder ncbi. nlm. nih. gov. World Psychiatry. 6 February, 2007. Web. 24 April. 2012 2. Tolin, D. F. , Frost, R. O. , Steketee, G. Buried in treasures: help for compulsive acquiring, saving, and hoarding. Oxford University Press, 2007. 3. Holdbrook, M. B. Consumer Value: A Framework for Analysis and Research† Taylor Francis e-Library ed. Routledge. 2002. 4. Francine, J. Minimalism around the World: Danshari. Miss minimalist, 11 Aug. 2011. Web. 19 April 2012. 5. Kupfermann, J. The hoarder fights back. Solo Syndication Ltd. News Paper article. January 2, 2011. 6. Tolin, D. F. â€Å"A Clutter Too Deep for Mere Bins and Shelves. † Nytimes. com. The New York Times, 1 January, 2008. Web. 28 April. 2012 7. Steketee, Gail Frost, Randy. Compulsive Hoarding and Acquiring: Workbook. Oxford University Press, Nov 2006. 8. Ya mshita, H. â€Å"Danshari – Hideko Yamashita official site. † Danshari. com. Keiei Kagaku public, co, ltd. 20 April, 2010. Web. 26 April. 2012

The Meaning of Capital Deepening

The Meaning of Capital Deepening Some definitions of capital deepening can be a little hard to understand, not because the concept is difficult or complex but because the formal language of economics has a special vocabulary. When youre beginning your study of economics, at times it may seem less like a language than a code. Fortunately, the concept  isnt that complicated when its broken down into everyday speech. Once you understand it in that way, translating into the formal language of economics doesnt seem that hard.   The Essential Idea You can look at the creation of value in capitalism as having an input and an output. The input is:   Capital. This, as economists have considered it since Adam Smith first discussed the creation of value in capitalism in The Wealth of Nations, consists not only of money but also the variety of things that have to do with production, such as physical plants, machinery, and materials. (Land, by the way, was treated by Smith as a separate input   different from other capital because unlike capital generally, which can grow indefinitely, there is only a finite amount of land).Labor. In economics, labor consists of work undertaken for a wage or for  some other form of monetary reward.   If labor and capital are the inputs, the output is the added value that results. What happens in between the input of labor and capital and the output of added value is the production process.  Thats what creates the added value:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Input (production process)-Output  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (labor and capital)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (value created)   The Production Process as a Black Box For a moment consider the production process as a black box. In Black Box #1 are 80  man-hours of labor and X amount of capital. The production process creates output with a value of 3X.   But what if you wanted to increase the output value? You could add more man-hours, which of course has its own cost. Another way you could increase the output value would be to increase the amount of capital at the input. In a cabinet shop, for example, you could still have two workers working for a week for a total of 80 man hours, but instead of having them produce three kitchens worth of cabinets (3x) on traditional cabinet-making equipment, you buy a CNC machine. Now your workers basically only have to load the materials into the machine, which does much of the cabinet building under computer control. Your output increases to 30 X at the end of the week you have 30 kitchens worth of cabinets. Capital Deepening Since with your CNC machine  you can do this every week, your production rate has permanently increased. And thats capital deepening. By deepening (which in this context is economist-speak for Increasing) the amount of capital per worker you have increased the output from 3X per week to 30X per week, a capital deepening rate increase of 1,000 percent!   Most economists quantify capital deepening over a year. In this instance, since its the same increase every week, the growth rate over a year is still 1,000 percent. This growth rate is one commonly used way of assessing the rate of capital deepening. Is Capital Deepening A  Good Thing or a Bad Thing? Historically, capital deepening has been viewed as beneficial for both capital and labor. The infusion of capital into the production process produces an output value that far exceeds the increased capital at the input.  This is obviously good for the capitalist/entrepreneur, but, the traditional view has been that it is good for labor as well. From the increased profits, the business owner pays the worker increased wages. This creates a virtuous circle of benefits because now the worker has more available money to purchase goods, which in turn increase business owners sales.   French economist Thomas Piketty, in his influential and controversial reexamination of capitalism, Capitalism in the Twenty-First  Century, criticizes this view. The details of his argument, which extends over most of a dense 700 pages, is beyond the scope of this article but has to do with the economic effect of capital deepening. He argues that in industrialized and post-industrial economies, the infusion of capital produces wealth at a growth rate that exceeds the growth rate of the broader economy. Labors share of the wealth decreases. In short, wealth becomes increasingly concentrated and increasing inequality results. Terms Related to Capital Deepening CapitalCapital consumptionCapital intensityCapital ratioCapital structureCapital augmentingHuman capitalSocial capital

Paper Editing Tips

Paper Editing Tips Paper Editing Tips You may argue that you do not need editing of your essay. You may think that everything is clear and paper editing is a waste of your time. So, let's clarify the true reasons for editing. Is paper editing really important? Is it really worth to waste your precious time for paper editing? The trouble with writing English essays is that you do not pay attention to many errors because you do not notice them. However, your teacher will definitely notice these errors. There is only one solution: devote enough time to paper editing. In practice, you will find that you fail to express your ideas clearly. You should not expect your teacher understand your point of view if your writing style is not understandable. Unless you let someone else read your essay to see if it makes sense, you are likely to hand it in when you are far too close to your own writing to judge its impact. Paper Editing Help The best way to check whether essay introduction and conclusion are efficient is to read only the first and last paragraphs of your paper. If these two passages mention all central questions and methodological steps as well as provide a summary of the major results, then they fulfill their functions. In other words, these two sections of your paper are a nutshell of the content, methodology, and results. If you are not confident in your editing skills, the editing skills of your friends or relatives, you may take advantage of the professional paper editing:http://.com/blog/paper-editing-help Essay Editing Tips Check the use of 'we', 'you' and 'I'. There is no such thing as an A4 paragraph length. provides students of all academic levels with professional paper editing services. Our educated editors are able to assist you with paper polishing. We will improve your paper in terms of style, grammar, and content. Professional paper editing is a solution to your academic problems. Moreover, paper editing is free if you are a returning client. In addition, we provide free outline, free table of contents, and free reference list. Do not hesitate to place an order for paper editing and you will not regret spending money on professional assistance! Read also: Informative and Surprising Essay Good Essay Topics Essay Writing Example Conclusion Writing College Essay

Sterotype Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sterotype Paper - Assignment Example In the modern world, man people especially in the developed countries have ended up being obese or overweight as a result of unhealthy eating habits. This stereotype has negative effects on obese or overweight individuals. This can be considered a negative labeling on these individuals. Stereotyped individuals will always perform poorly in their endeavors when they feel they are being stereotyped. Results from past studies have indicated that individuals experiencing stereotyping are more likely to be violent or hostile. Most of them have been proved to experience from lack of restraint and self-respect. It is also important to posit that individuals who are stereotyped find it very difficult to make effective or appropriate pronouncements in their activities. In addition, stereotyped individuals have been proved to have a higher risk of consuming high amounts of insalubrious types of foods. Even after stereotyping has been negated, the thought that a certain individual or group of i ndividuals was stereotypic will still remain engraved in their minds for a very long time. This may have negative effects towards an individual as his/her confidence in front of others may be affected, s/he may be very uncomfortable and may avoid eating in front of other people as they may harbor certain thoughts that other people may view them in a bad way (National Science Foundation, 2010). Secondly, I have always had a stereotype that all Muslims are over-religious. My stereotype has been due to the fact that, Muslims have to pray every now and then, and they have to pray while facing Mecca. They also pray at distinct positions. In comparison, individuals from other religions do not portray such religiosity as they have to go to church only on Sundays. Attending church service during weekdays is limited to a few individuals. This this may appear as a positive stereotype, it may affect the ability of Muslims around me to perform if they become aware of my feelings. Results from s tudies done in the past have shown that positive stereotypes similarly results or leads to bad feelings and sentiments from individuals who are being stereotyped (Trevan, 2013). Muslims in this cases can feel depersonalize, may be agitated, and develop strong feelings of hate towards those who stereotype them. However, not all Muslims would be agitated by any comment or indication that they are over-religious. There are some who may pretend to be over-religious so that they can be identified and be respected for that. Being stereotypic towards such an individual will make him happy and consequently boost his/her feelings. In other words, if a Muslim around me would become aware of my feelings towards him/her, this would definitely affect individual personality. It is important to consider the fact that a positive stereotype of negative feelings towards other people’s religion produces negative effects or sentiments as the individual being stereotyped automatically becomes awa re of the fact that it is just a matter of time before negative stereotypes are implemented towards him/her (Trevan, 2013). Thirdly, I have a stereotype towards women that they take too long to shower and they always smell good. In the modern world, it is difficult to come across a lady smelling of sweat like many men do. Women are very sensitive about their appearance and will go to great lengths towards

Compare and Contrast Interviews Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Compare and Contrast Interviews - Assignment Example Dinkins was as poised as Rahm. For every question, he had a justification that oozed his professional experience. When it comes to leadership, NYC Mayor David Dinkins defines this in many ways. Leadership is stemmed from experience or the desire to succeed beyond others. Successful leaders deflect attention away from them and encourage others to voice their opinions. Dinkins is a great leader as a person who guides a group of individual towards a certain goal. In order to rectify this issue, Dinkins took a strong initiative as he began a hiring program that grew the police force by 25%.This, in fact, is the manifestation of being a good leader because Dinkins has paid his dues in the army and improved the race relations. I asked Dinkins about his past experience and what motivated him. He explained to me that he always wanted a social reform. Social reform has been the focal point for Dinkins as he continued to champion for women rights, reduce pollution, and help lower-class families with financial assistance. This is exemplified in NYC Mayor David Dinkins because of his ability to understand the struggle of a common man. A man with a very humble beginning, Dinkins was exemplary of reform and civil rights. A man similar to his caliber was Rahm Emmanuel. The interviewer asked Rahm about what appealed to him about this position. It is clear that Rahm stated that Leaderships is undeniably stemmed from an inner motivation to excel and lead a group of individuals to a collaborative success. Under Rahm’s professionalism, harnessing the growth of the community, championing the cause for lower-income individuals. Rahm Emmanuel was a confident public speaker who was making reformations in Illinois. Cognitive research indicates that each person attributes contribute to their upbringing. The interview asked Rahm about the worst schooling system in the USA, and Rahm was quite calm. Rahm answered with a fact that he plans to propagate for more resources. Under Rahm’s leadership, the school system has drastically been enhanced.more resources. Under

Economics Essay Example for Free

Economics Essay The three areas of economics affect an individual both positively and negatively. First, in making decisions, a person often has to decide on tradeoffs because he/she just cannot afford to buy everything that he/she needs. In other words, sacrifices must be made. Economics, after all, is about allocating the resources available to a person which happens to be scarce most of the time. This would mean, for instance, that if one has set aside $10 dollars for chocolates and he/she wants to buy some oranges, the decision would often entail buying less chocolates to enable him/her to buy some oranges. This effect is often interpreted as a negative one because a person has to let go of one want in order to satisfy another desire. This illustration clearly shows that budget constraint plays a major role in decision-making. (Mankiw, 2004) The second area of economics, interaction with others, affects members of society positively because in a free market economy, prices could not just be dictated by producers and sellers without the involvement or say of the consumers. In other words, if the price of a certain commodity proves too expensive, consumers would usually look for cheaper alternatives, thereby causing the demand for the more expensive version to fall. If the 21† colored television set produced by Sony Corporation, for instance, has been priced much higher than the 21† colored television of Philips, chances are that consumers would opt for the television set being sold by Philips because of the lower price. In this case, preference for Sony, which might prove to have a higher quality, could only be expressed by those who have the money, therefore feeling no budgetary constraints. Finally, the workings of the economy could affect an individual both positively and negatively. One instant is when government decides to print and circulate an abnormally high volume of money. This situation forces money to depreciate in value, thereby resulting to inflation. A high level of inflation causes prices to increase because of the additional costs being shouldered by manufacturers owing to the lower value of money. An upside of this situation, however, could be a temporary increase in employment. Because of the availability of money, employers can afford to hire additional workers. (Mankiw, 2004)

Summary of Beowulf Attacks Grendels Mother :: Anglo Saxon English Literature Essays

Summary of Beowulf Attacks Grendel's Mother The epic story of Beowulf is about a young hero who fights in battles against the monster Grendel and his mother and later concerns Beowulf's final fight with a dragon. Beowulf is the prince of the Geats. He is also the son of Ecgtheow, who travels to Heorot where the great mead hall of Hrothgar king of the Danes, is located. Hrothgar, is the great grandson of Scyld Scefing. In this passage Beowulf goes underwater and fights with Grendel's mother in a cave. During his descent to her lair, Beowulf is attacked by Grendel's mother and dragged to her cave. He tries to hit her with his sword but he does not succeed in piercing her skin. In rage and frustration Beowulf attacks her with his bare hands. He manages to knock down Grendel's mother, however, she is swift and manages to fight back and ends up sitting on top of him. With her dagger she desperately tries to kill Beowulf, but his armor protects him from her attacks. Beowulf then spots a large sword made by giants on the wall of the cave and throws Grendel's mother off him and grabs the sword. The sword Beowulf finds is amazing. It has a very ornamented handle called a hilt and the blade is bigger than the average sword. Beowulf strikes Grendel's mother with the sword slicing her in two and splitting her collarbones. After the attack, a light illuminates the cave, "just as from the sky heaven's candle shines clear." (Norton 47) Beowulf notices Grendel's body and he instantaneously cuts off the monster's head to present it to Hrothgar. The blade of Beowulf's new sword then begins to melt because the blood is too hot and poisonous for it. Beowulf notices all the great treasures in the cave but he does not take any of them. He swims to shore with Grendel's head in one hand and holding the hilt with the other. He is then received by his fellow warriors who are waiting in hope to see Beowulf again. Four warriors carry Grendel's head to Heorot where the victory will be celebrated. The head is carried around as a trophy for all to view in the great mead hall of Hrothgar. Summary of Beowulf Attacks Grendel's Mother :: Anglo Saxon English Literature Essays Summary of Beowulf Attacks Grendel's Mother The epic story of Beowulf is about a young hero who fights in battles against the monster Grendel and his mother and later concerns Beowulf's final fight with a dragon. Beowulf is the prince of the Geats. He is also the son of Ecgtheow, who travels to Heorot where the great mead hall of Hrothgar king of the Danes, is located. Hrothgar, is the great grandson of Scyld Scefing. In this passage Beowulf goes underwater and fights with Grendel's mother in a cave. During his descent to her lair, Beowulf is attacked by Grendel's mother and dragged to her cave. He tries to hit her with his sword but he does not succeed in piercing her skin. In rage and frustration Beowulf attacks her with his bare hands. He manages to knock down Grendel's mother, however, she is swift and manages to fight back and ends up sitting on top of him. With her dagger she desperately tries to kill Beowulf, but his armor protects him from her attacks. Beowulf then spots a large sword made by giants on the wall of the cave and throws Grendel's mother off him and grabs the sword. The sword Beowulf finds is amazing. It has a very ornamented handle called a hilt and the blade is bigger than the average sword. Beowulf strikes Grendel's mother with the sword slicing her in two and splitting her collarbones. After the attack, a light illuminates the cave, "just as from the sky heaven's candle shines clear." (Norton 47) Beowulf notices Grendel's body and he instantaneously cuts off the monster's head to present it to Hrothgar. The blade of Beowulf's new sword then begins to melt because the blood is too hot and poisonous for it. Beowulf notices all the great treasures in the cave but he does not take any of them. He swims to shore with Grendel's head in one hand and holding the hilt with the other. He is then received by his fellow warriors who are waiting in hope to see Beowulf again. Four warriors carry Grendel's head to Heorot where the victory will be celebrated. The head is carried around as a trophy for all to view in the great mead hall of Hrothgar.

Amazon.Com Supply Chain Management

Running head: Amazon. com Supply Chain Project Amazon. com Supply Chain Project Jarrel Nightingale [email  protected] edu Capella University BUS3004: Supply Chain Management Professor Dr. Robert Goldwasser December 10, 2012 Amazon. com Supply Chain Project Introduction In today’s society, Online Shopping and the industry of e-commerce has become very popular and mainstream. Many individuals have integrated online shopping into their normal routine and have replaced traditional shopping altogether.Online shopping has become so popular, there has been a shopping holiday called â€Å"Cyber Monday† which is the equivalent to â€Å"Black Friday. † Traditional brick and mortar retail stores are now forced to offer their products online in order to remain competitive. This is a new position for most businesses to be in, so businesses are forced to make the necessary adjustments to conform to the consumers’ demands. Complying with the demands of technology has b ecome a problem for some of the smaller businesses due to the lack of resources and infrastructure to produce these changes.Amongst the many online retailers that have emerged, Amazon. com has set itself apart as the industry leader in Online E-commerce. Since 1994, Amazon. com has built a successful empire that has become the default name for when one thinks about buying anything online. Through their documented success, Amazon. com has created the blueprint for those to follow in order to become a successful Online Retailer. In this assignment, I will discuss Amazon. com as it relates to their success and the structure of its company.Business Model Amazon. com sells books, music, and other items over the Internet and is one of the pioneers of consumer e-business. Amazon, based in Seattle, started by filling all orders using books purchased from a distributor in response to customer orders. This practice differs from that of a traditional bookstore, which usually purchases directly from publishers and stocks books in anticipation of customer orders. In 2008, Amazon had eight warehouses in the U. S. and another fifteen in the rest of the world.Amazon stocks many books, though it still gets other titles from distributors or publishers. It uses the U. S. Postal Service and other package carriers such as UPS and FedEx to send books to customers. Amazon has continued to expand the set of products that it sells online. Besides books and music, Amazon has added many product categories such as toys, apparel, electronics, jewelry, and shoes. (Chopra, et. Al, 2012) In addition to adding more products, the strategy of Amazon. com is technology based as it relates to consumer demand.Amazon's supply chain is so tightly integrated that when an online customer buys a couple of books and a CD, the order-management system communicates with inventory- and warehouse-management systems to find the optimal distribution center or centers for fulfilling the order. The customer know s in less than a minute how long it will take to ship the items and whether they will come in one package or separately (Bacheldor, 2004). Global Challenges Unlike most companies, Amazon. com has positioned itself to remain competitive in the national and global markets as well.Shipping is one of the most main expenses of e-commerce and shipping internationally can be a lengthy and expensive process. As mentioned earlier, Amazon. com has built new warehouses and changed the markets supplied by each warehouse as its customer base has grown. Currently there are 15 warehouses in total; 8 of those are located in the United States and the other 7 are located internationally. As a result, it has lowered shipping costs and improved responsiveness (Chopra, et. Al, 2012).There is a trade off because inventory and facility costs increase as the number of facilities in the supply chain increase; and transportation costs decrease as the number of facilities increase. The functionality of its te chnology is also designed to help with reducing costs so that transportation costs stay at a point where operating globally is still achievable. Amazon. com’s supply chain management applications communicate in real time when an order is placed and assigns shipping warehousing and cost based on location (Bacheldor, 2004).When the average company ships internationally the response time is typically in excess of 14 days and the cost to expedite takes any potential savings from purchasing online go away. Importance of Aggregate Planning Amazon. com is beginning to aggregate other e-commerce that are linked via strategic placement and investments. The vision is to make it so customers don’t have to go elsewhere to shop very often especially online (Scally, 2000). The reputation it has is so strong that any association with Amazon. com helps create an impression of validity and success for anyone that chooses to partner with them.Amazon has one of the most-sophisticated sup ply-chain systems in the world, and it was all built from scratch. Homemade applications handle nearly every aspect of its supply chain: warehouse management, transportation management, inbound and outbound shipping, demand forecasts, inventory planning, and more. In the last four years, Amazon has worked to minimize the need for human intervention in its supply-chain processes, such as manually inputting sales forecasts into an inventory-management system (Bacheldor, 2004).Today, Amazon's supply-chain apps communicate in real time, a rarity when most companies have to integrate a variety of software tools and manual processes, such as phone and fax orders. Ultimately, the goal is to try to â€Å"touch† every type of transaction on the web dealing with e-commerce and to integrate with business partners to enhance the online shopping experience (Scally, 2000). Many traditional brick and mortar stores are affiliating themselves with Amazon in order to gain online presence and s ell its merchandise online. This is a mutual benefit as it allows Amazon to continue to diversify its products.Role of Demand Forecasting and Pricing Promotions To achieve strategic fit, a firm must tailor its supply chain to best meet the needs of different customer segments. To retain strategic fit, supply chain strategy must be adjusted over the life cycle of a product and as the competitive landscape changes. Future risks, uncertainties, and environmental concerns must be accounted for when firms design their supply chain strategy. Customers ordering a book at Amazon. com are willing to wait longer than those who drive to a nearby Borders store to get the same book.In contrast, customers can find a much larger variety of books at Amazon compared to the Borders store. Thus, Amazon customers trade off fast response times for high levels of variety (Chopra, et. Al, 2012). Amazon offers its customers a large menu of prices for products that are purchased from the company. For exampl e, a person purchasing two books worth $30 could use standard shipping (ships in 3–5 business days) at a cost of $4. 98, two-day shipping (ships in 2 business days) at a cost of $13. 97, one-day shipping (ships in 1 business day) at a cost of $22. 97 or use free shipping (ships in 7–14 business days).The pricing menu allows Amazon to attract customers with varying levels of desired responsiveness (Chopra, et. Al, 2012). Whereas customers paying for one-day shipping impose a high degree of uncertainty on Amazon, customers opting for free shipping can be used to level out the workload at the warehouse over time. Amazon can thus use its pricing to provide responsiveness to those who value it while using customers who want a low price to help it improve its efficiency. Amazon also uses pricing effectively to shift some of the Christmas peak to November, by offering free or discounted shipping.The discount moves some of the December demand forward, allowing it to reduce its December peak and improve its efficiency without giving up on responsiveness for those customers who do not want to order earlier. Conclusion Since 1994, Amazon. com has built a successful empire that has become the default name for when one thinks about buying anything online. Through their documented success, Amazon. com has created the blueprint for those to follow in order to become a successful Online Retailer. By offering a vast variety of products, Amazon has changed the way many consumers shop for our merchandise.In addition to more options, the prices are often times cheaper even though the merchandise ordered is always shipped from a different location. What Amazon started in 1994 has now been revolutionized as Amazon continues to find ways to better the merchandise, the technology involved, and most important the customer experience. References Anonymous. 1998. IceGroup Releases Amazon. com Analysis . PR Newswire, Retrieved from www. lexisnexis. com/hottopics/lnacademic Bacheldor, B. (2004). FROM SCRATCH: Amazon keeps supply chain close to home. InformationWeek, (979), 40-40.Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/229180916? accountid=27965 Chopra, Sunil, Meindl, Peter. (05/2012). Supply Chain Management, 4/e for Capella University, 4th Edition. Pearson Learning Solutions. Scally, R. (2000). Amazon. com: The force that's altering e-tail, one category at a time. DSN Retailing Today, 39(9), 42-44+. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/228466615? accountid=27965 Willis, C. (1998, Apr 06). Does amazon. com really matter? Forbes, , 55-58. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/195047045? accountid=27965

Acute Hepatitis B

Acute Hepatitis B GNUR543 St. John Fisher College Mr. Wilson is a 47 year old man being evaluated for complaints of fatigue, anorexia and abdominal distention. On examination, it is noted that the skin is jaundiced and the liver enlarged. D. W. denies significant alcohol or drug use. He denies any known exposure to hepatitis and has never been vaccinated for hepatitis. He is taking no medication. Laboratory tests reveal the following and a diagnosis of acute hepatitis B is made: 1. Review and analyze the laboratory data. What diagnosis is supported by these values? Give your rationale. Mr.Wilson’s lab work is reviewed below: * AST142 IU/L * AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) is an enzyme and blood sample results can detect if there is liver damage. AST is found in the heart and liver with much lower levels in muscles and kidneys. In a healthy person the AST is between 10-40 IU/L. If the liver is damaged, AST is released into the blood stream (Hepatitis B, 2011). * ALT120 IU/L * ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), if elevated can also be an indication of liver damage. ALT is an enzyme that is normally in the liver and kidneys. If the individual is healthy, the ALT is low, between 7-56 IU/L.Elevated ALT is an early indicator of liver damage usually elevating prior to a patient becoming jaundice (Hepatitis B, 2011). * GGT 42 IU/L * GGT (Gamma-glutamyl transferase) is an enzyme that is found in the liver but may also be in the spleen, kidneys and pancreas. As with AST/ALT, GGT is elevated when there is liver damage. The normal test range is 0 – 51 IU/L. GGT will be elevated when there is acute damage to the liver (or bile ducts) (Hepatitis B, 2011). * Alk Phos 84 IU/L * Alk Phos (Alkaline Phosphatase or ALP) is an enzyme found in the liver, bone, kidney and GI tract. Normal range for this blood test is 44 – 147 IU/L.Alk Phos, if elevated generally indicates that there is a blockage in the bile ducts. Also, if it is found to be high this means the pat ient can either have kidney disease or bone disease. To differentiate, a GGT test is also taken. If that result is high as well, a liver disease is present; if the GGT is within normal limits then the patient has bone disease (Hepatitis B, 2011). * Total Bilirubin1. 0 mg/dl * Total bilirubin is the product of damaged or broken down red blood cells in the body. The bilirubin is processed through the liver and the normal levels in the body are; 0. 3 – 1. 9 mg/dL.If this level is increased, it means that the liver is not processing the bilirubin due to liver disease (Hepatitis, 2011). * Albumin4. 3 g/dl * Albumin (ALB) measures the level of albumin in the patient’s plasma. Albumin is a protein that is made in the liver and is sensitive to any changes in liver function. Albumin mainly ensures that the cells in the body don’t leak, keep the tissues nourished and transports vitamins, calcium, hormones through the body. The normal range for Albumin is 3. 4 – 5. 4 g/dL. Albumin will be lower than normal in the case of malnutrition or liver disease (Hepatitis, 2011). HBsAgpositive * Anti-HBSnegative * Anti-HCVnegative * HIVnegative Test Name| Mr. Wilson’s Result| Normal Ranges| | AST| 142 IU/L| 10-40 IU/L| Elevated| ALT| 120 IU/L| 7-56 IU/L| Elevated| GGT | 42 IU/L| 0 – 51 IU/L| Normal| Alk Phos | 84 IU/L| 44 – 147 IU/L| Normal| Total Bilirubin| 1. 0 mg/dl| 0. 3 – 1. 9 mg/dL| Normal| Albumin| 4. 3 g/dl| 3. 4 – 5. 4 g/dL| Normal| Mr. Wilson’s labs indicate that he has chronic Hepatitis B. This is chronic because the indicators for acute liver damage are within normal limits. For example, if the patient were having an acute onset of Hepatitis B his Albumin would be low.Albumin is made in the liver and is very sensitive to any changes in the liver. If there was acute damage to the liver the Albumin value would not be in normal range. Also, Mr. Wilson’s bilirubin would be higher if he was having a cute hepatitis B. For the skin to be noticeably jaundiced the bilirubin level would usually be >2. 0 mg/dL (Hepatitis, 2011). The patients GGT would be elevated also if he was experiencing an acute episode of hepatitis B. Additional tests that might be helpful to making an accurate diagnosis would be; IgG-anti-HBc and IgM-anti-HBc.These tests show if the hepatitis is acute or chronic. The IgG-anti-HBc is positive if the patient is chronically infected. The IgM-anti-HBc would show positive if the patient is acutely infected with hepatitis B. The HBs-Ag will be positive in both acute and chronic cases. See the table below for an overview of the assessment and tests that are generally given when a new Hepatitis B diagnosis is reached. (Lok A. S. , 2011) 2. Explain the hepatocellular changes that occur with the above diagnosis. The liver has many roles in the body that associate it with many systems.For example, it acts as a digestive organ by secreting bile for the breakdown of fat (Co pstead, 2010). The liver also removes bilirubin from the blood, temporarily stores blood and synthesizes the blood clotting factors (Copstead, 2010). Other functions of the liver are; removing toxins from the blood, metabolizing both sex hormones and steroid hormones. Any damage to the liver can in turn disrupt any of these processes and functions that it performs. Some of the processes and functions can be changed in the following ways: * Liver inflammation: Inflammation in chronic hepatitis is associated with scarring.Severe inflammation can bridge together portal tracts within the liver, this is called â€Å"bridging necrosis† (Mani & Kleiner, 2009). It can also bridge to central veins, confluent necrosis (Mani & Kleiner, 2009). This leads to scarring, the creation of fibrous strands and in many cases will lead to fibrosis. Throughout the liver cells are becoming damaged therefore blocking and limiting the livers functionality. Hormone secretion, chemicals and toxins in th e blood, clotting factors and other defense fighting macrophages are interrupted (Copstead, 2010).Along with the inflammation, the patient will feel fatigued and will have a lowered immunity. * Ascites and peripheral edema: Abdominal distention, ascites, is a result of the damaged cells within the liver and more specifically the membrane of the cell has been damaged. There is an intra-abdominal buildup of sodium, water and protein. The cells in the liver are unable to maintain the appropriate osmotic gradient across the pleura (Copstead, 2010). This extra fluid is likely to accumulate in the dependant areas of a person’s body, such as ankles, legs, and arms (Kukka, 2010). Jaundice: Red blood cells have a short life span and as they die and/or are damaged the body will break them down and dispose of them. This is referred to as bilirubin metabolism and this happens in three phases; pre, intra and posthepatic. (Copstead, 2010). The red blood cells should be broken down, deliver ed to the liver and then transported through the biliary system and thus be wasted via the kidney’s or the colon. With damaged liver cells, the bilirubin is not excreted from the liver and there is a buildup of the conjugated bilirubin and the result is jaundice (Copstead, 2010).Other changes due to the liver damage are portal hypertension, gastric and esophageal varacies, vitamin mal-absorption, poor blood clotting and altered mental status (Copstead, 2010). The liver has such far reaching effect on so many organs and systems in the body that any damage to the liver will result in decreased functioning of other systems. Immediate tests to determine the cause and extend of the damage would be imperative to managing the disease going forward. 3. How should the disease be managed and monitored? Explain your rationale.If pharmacotherapeutics are used, explain your rationale and their mechanism of action. First steps would be to order additional labs including, IgM-anti-HBc, IgG- anti-HBc, HBeAg, HBV DNA, CBC with PT and electrolytes. In cases of acute hepatitis B, symptoms sometimes go unnoticed. The virus will normally go away on its own and if treatment is given, it is for the symptoms and most adults recover fully (Hepatitis B, 2011). But in the case of chronic HBV, the patient will need to be monitored to see if the virus is replicating (Lok A. S. , 2011). In patients with chronic HBV, the treatment oals are to reduce the long term effects of liver damage, prevent the transmission of the virus to others and manage any complications along the way (Lok A. S. , 2011). A clear diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B is needed. Results of blood work will determine the course of treatment. In Mr. Wilson’s case, with only the first lab results, it appears that he is in the active chronic infection stage. At this point the liver damage is still minimal. Because there does not seem to be significant liver damage a liver biopsy would not be indicated at this poin t (Lok A. S. , 2011).As the practitioner, I would recommend more blood tests, as noted above, and ongoing monitoring of the virus every few months. This will help in determining the activity of the virus. The medications used to treat chronic hepatitis B tend to have serious side effects. The patient must be willing to make a commitment to continue the therapy and adhere to close monitoring during any drug treatments (Hepatitis B, 2011). Supportive medicines are important to assist in treating side effects of the virus. For example, diuretics are prescribed if edema is not resolving on its own.Vitamins and minerals are indicated if labs show deficiency due to decreased liver function. If it is determined that Mr. Wilson’s virus is active (meaning he is able to infect others) there are new drugs available to choose from. Antiviral treatments include (Hepatitis, 2011): 1. Entecavir – a. A pill taken once a day for up to a year b. Used when DNA viral cells are actively re plicating 2. Interferon Alpha c. Injection a few times per week for up to a year d. Used when patient has compensated liver disease 3. Pegylated Interferon e. Injection once per week for up to a year f.Used when patient had compensated liver disease and evidence of viral replication and liver inflammation 4. Lamivudine g. A pill taken once a day for a year or more h. Used when patient has active liver inflammation and active viral replicating 5. Adefovir Dipivoxil i. A pill taken once a day for a year or more j. Used in patients with chronic HBV 6. Telbivudine k. A pill taken once a day for a year or more l. Used in patients with active viral replication, persistent elevations in ALT or AST or histologically active disease 7. Tenofovir m. A pill taken once a day for a year or more n. Used in patients with chronic HBVThe medicines listed above are used alone or more likely in conjunction with others. These are currently the only hepatitis B drugs that are approved by the FDA (Lok & M cMahon, 2009). According to the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) Practice Guidelines, the ultimate goal of therapy is to suppress the replication of the virus and put the liver disease into remission (Lok & McMahon, 2009). This is monitored by watching the patients ALT, AST and other liver, viral and blood tests. The viral tests are imperative to determine the proper adjustments in medications.For example, interferon has been shown to reduce the viral replication and inducing liver disease remission (Lok & McMahon, 2009). Also, a newer drug, tenovir has shown significant promise in reducing viral levels in patients as compared to adefovir (Lok & McMahon, 2009). Practitioners need to watch for resistance as well when using the anti-viral drugs. As noted, the drugs are used in combination as well and these have shown to be more effective than when they are used alone. The effects of combined usage are better antiviral effects and delayed resistance (Lok & M cMahon, 2009).Mr. Wilson’s ALT, HBeAg lab values and his HBV DNA will be a main determinate to the type of therapy he will receive. A liver biopsy will be indicated later on if his  HBsAg is positive for more than six months, his serum HBV DNA is greater than >20,000 IU/mL and he has persistent or intermittent elevations in his ALT/AST levels (Kukka, 2010). Summary Hepatitis B can be chronic or acute. When a person has acute hepatitis B they generally don’t even notice and never need treatment. If treatment is needed it is supportive treatment for the symptoms of the acute virus infection.Chronic hepatitis B patients are at risk for cirrhosis and HCC (hepatic cellular carcinoma) (Kukka, 2010). Patients that have chronic HBV need to be educated on the risk of infecting others and will, in some cases, need to alter their lifestyle to protect others from getting the virus. Treatment is dependent on the blood work up that is obtained. It is very important that a patient that goes on antiviral treatment remain on it to reduce drug resistant strains. Also, patients must be evaluated and treated for the side effects of the anti-virals as well as the symptoms of other affected organs and systems in the body.References Copstead, L. -E. C. (2010). Pathophysiology. St. Louis: Saunders. Hepatitis. (2011, July 6). Retrieved March 26, 2012, from Lab Tests Online: http://labtestsonline. org Hepatitis B. (2011, July 6). Retrieved March 25, 2012, from Lab Tests Online: http://labtestsonline. org Hepatitis B. (2011, September 1). Retrieved March 24, 2012, from Mayo Clinic: http://www. mayoclinic. com/health Kukka, C. M. (2010). Hepatitis B Fact Sheet. HCSP Publications. Lexicomp. (2012). Retrieved February 5, 2012, from Lexicomp: https://online-lexi. com Liver Blood Tests. (2012, March 28).Retrieved March 30, 2012, from e Medicine Health: http://www. emedicinehealth. com/ Lok, A. S. (2011, February 16). Overview of the management of hepatitis B. Retrieved March 24, 2012, from UpToDate: http://www. uptodate. com Lok, A. S. , & McMahon, B. J. (2009). Chronic Hepatitis B: Update 2009. Alexandria: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Mani, H. , & Kleiner, D. E. (2009, May 1). Liver Biopsy Findings in Chronic Hepatitis B. Retrieved April 1, 2012, from University of Pennsylvania, Department of Medicine: http://webdev. med. upenn. edu

Free Essays on Weakest Link

Ralph Emerson wrote many journals and essays dealing with the subject of transcendentalism. One of his most famous works is the essay â€Å"Self-Reliance.† In â€Å"Self-Reliance,† Emerson hit on the idea that the individual should be completely reliant on God, and that every person has been put into their certain life and position by God and that the person needs to trust themselves. He said that God has put the power to handle things, think, and act into each individual and that the individual needs to trust what God has put inside them to do things with their lives. The idea is almost that of predestination, except for the fact that we have the choice of which road to take. Predestination is the idea that a higher power, or God, has planned everything that will happen to a person in their life. Emerson’s idea is that God has put the choice to us, but he has given us all of our unique gifts for the paths we can choose to take. In â€Å"Self-Reliance,† Em erson wrote, â€Å"Trust thyself: every heart vibrates to that iron string. Accept the place the divine providence has found for you, the society of your contempararies, the connection of events† (Runes 362). Emerson also gave the idea of trusting ourselves through God. He said that you have to trust in God to tell you what to do and what to think. He said that if you do this that God will provide answers (363). Another quote from his popular essay, â€Å"Self-Reliance,† supports this. â€Å"And we are now men, and must accept in the highest mind the same transcendent destiny; and not minors and invalids in a protected corner, not cowards fleeing before a revolution, but guides, redeemers and benefactors, obeying the Almighty effort and advancing on Chaos and the Dark† (363). Emerson also had the idea that we need to be ourselves, especially in the things that we say. Again from the popular essay, â€Å"Self-Reliance,† he spoke about how we need to say wh at we think one day, and then speak ... Free Essays on Weakest Link Free Essays on Weakest Link Ralph Emerson wrote many journals and essays dealing with the subject of transcendentalism. One of his most famous works is the essay â€Å"Self-Reliance.† In â€Å"Self-Reliance,† Emerson hit on the idea that the individual should be completely reliant on God, and that every person has been put into their certain life and position by God and that the person needs to trust themselves. He said that God has put the power to handle things, think, and act into each individual and that the individual needs to trust what God has put inside them to do things with their lives. The idea is almost that of predestination, except for the fact that we have the choice of which road to take. Predestination is the idea that a higher power, or God, has planned everything that will happen to a person in their life. Emerson’s idea is that God has put the choice to us, but he has given us all of our unique gifts for the paths we can choose to take. In â€Å"Self-Reliance,† Em erson wrote, â€Å"Trust thyself: every heart vibrates to that iron string. Accept the place the divine providence has found for you, the society of your contempararies, the connection of events† (Runes 362). Emerson also gave the idea of trusting ourselves through God. He said that you have to trust in God to tell you what to do and what to think. He said that if you do this that God will provide answers (363). Another quote from his popular essay, â€Å"Self-Reliance,† supports this. â€Å"And we are now men, and must accept in the highest mind the same transcendent destiny; and not minors and invalids in a protected corner, not cowards fleeing before a revolution, but guides, redeemers and benefactors, obeying the Almighty effort and advancing on Chaos and the Dark† (363). Emerson also had the idea that we need to be ourselves, especially in the things that we say. Again from the popular essay, â€Å"Self-Reliance,† he spoke about how we need to say wh at we think one day, and then speak ...

Cute Birthday Quotes

Cute Birthday Quotes Forgot your best friends birthday? Dont expect to escape unscathed. Perhaps you are thinking about gifting your friend an expensive belated birthday gift. Here is a better idea. Use these cute birthday quotes to make an outstanding birthday card. These cute birthday quotes will melt a touchy heart without being overt. Now, isnt this idea more personalized and yet lighter on your pocket? Benjamin FranklinOne today is worth two tomorrows. Robert FrostA diplomat is a man who always remembers a womans birthday but never remembers her age. Jean Paul RichterOur birthdays are feathers in the broad wing of time. Lucille BallThe secret of staying young is to live honestly, eat slowly, and lie about your age. George HarrisonAll the world is birthday cake, so take a piece, but not too much. Steven WrightI remember when the candle shop burned down.Everyone stood around singing Happy Birthday. Oprah WinfreyThe more you praise and celebrate your life, the more there is in life to celebrate. Menachem Mendel SchneersonBecause time itself is like a spiral, something special happens on your birthday each year: The same energy that God invested in you at birth is present once again. John GlennThere is still no cure for the common birthday. Jonathan Swift May you live all the days of your life. PlautusLet us celebrate the occasion with wine and sweet words. George William CurtisAge is a matter of feeling, not of years. Benjamin FranklinAt 20 years of age the will reigns; at 30 the wit; at 40 the judgment. Johnny CarsonThe worst gift is a fruitcake.There is only one fruitcake in the entire world, and people keep sending it to each other. Robert OrbenThe best birthdays of all are those that havent arrived yet.

Arranged marriages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8000 words

Arranged marriages - Essay Example (p.1176) In the world after 9/11, wearing a hijab can also be seen as a political sign. (Afshar, Aitken & Franks, 2005) Klausen (2005) has mentioned a case of Baroness Uddin, a member of the House of Lords, who admits wearing hijab for political reasons. (Klausen, 2005, p.185) Unfortunately, it has become a target of non-Muslims’ atrocities around the world, especially after the 9/11 attacks. Discrimination against hijab was also prevalent in the UK prior to 9/11, although it might not be to a great extent at that time. Geldart (1999) mentioned that in 1993, a head teacher in West Sussex pressurized a girl to remove her hijab. (Geldart, 1999) Currently, a debate is also going on in European countries about banning hijab to some extent. Fekete (2004) points out that European Nations â€Å"should not use state power to force on any individual a dress code, whether culturally or religiously determined†. (p.26) Beckman (2007) points out that if a hijab-wearing woman is asked to rem ove her hijab, it would bring her enormous embarrassment and a feeling of disrespect. (Beckman, 2007) As it will be seen in this research, hijab-wearing women are not willing to give away their right at any cost, and a ban can be harmful for the nations themselves. UK is a home to a majority of Muslims but it is a land where Muslim women face many tribulations and hurdles from other non-Muslim groups just because they cover their face. These atrocities vary in intensity and nature. While many people abuse verbally and psychologically, some may even go to the extent of physical torture. In one incident, comedian Shazia Mirza was â€Å"physically attacked by young men in a British Muslim audience in London’s Brick Lane.† (Tarlo, 2007, p.146) The recent attack on the veiling of Muslim women was made by ex-Foreign Secretary Jack Straw in the year 2006 when he criticised women who wear veils.

Package design and the consumer behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Package design and the consumer behavior - Essay Example Other markets who might in the past have been scathing about the marketing profession and its contribution are being forced to take notice of research that suggests that 'people really do make the difference in choice of noodles'(Marchington and Wilkinson, 2002). Before the discussion is going any further, it is crucial to get the same understanding about the Consumer Behaviour itself. According to a small number of sources, Consumer Behaviour studies the process of a buying decision of customer (in group or personage). Basically put, it tries to understand What, Who, When, Where, and Why they consume a product or service. Behavioural patterns have many important implications, both theoretical and practical, for virtually all kinds of Buyer practices including product analysis, purchase, selection, training, development, performance appraisal, compensation, and even company relations (Werner, 2000; cited by Tsaur and Lin, 2004). With the dynamic environment, undoubtedly, each firm attempts to study and understand the consumer behavior due to businesses stay in business by attracting and retaining customers (Arnould, Price & Zinkhan, 2002, p6). As the vital consumer decision-making unit, family are most regularly examined by many marketers because decision making by family differs in many ways from decisions made by an individuals. According to Hawkins, greatest, and Coney, the term of family decision making is the method by which decisions that straight or circuitously engage two or more family members are made (Hawkins, Best & Coney, 1998, p195). Generally, dissimilar motivations and diverse family l ife cycles will cause unusual decision making process. In the meantime, with the different decision making procedure, the dissimilar members of family would play a variety of roles and directly influence the consequence of decision. The Stimulus-Response Model of Buyer Behaviour Sales Presentation Buyer's Hidden Mental Process Sale/No Sale If we analyze then we may know that in the stimulus-response model of buyer behavior, Marketing Stimuli (make up of the marketing mix- product, price, place, and endorsement) and Other Stimuli (such as the financial, technical, political, and educational environments) enter the customers "Black Box" and create certain responses. No doubt, marketers must try to work out what goes on in the "black box" where it can assist them to get better and offer the products and services that customers want. From the Figure 2.1, it can be seen that it has two fractions in the "black box". The first part is "Consumer Behavior" which control how buyers see and respond to the stimuli. The next part is "Consumer Decision procedure" which is the progression to find out what the buyers use to make a decision what buying behaviour is undertaken. Buying Behaviour When You Going To Buy Instant Noodle If we analyze then we come to know that Pot Noodle is a low price and low value product. Effectual branding and packaging is reliable by means of a product mix to meet a diversification of consumer needs. The product has a standing of a contemptible low excellence product this feature is overstated with the semiotic use of soft pornography. Marketers have incessantly promoted their product throughout marketing that associates

Governance Regulation and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Governance Regulation and Ethics - Essay Example Consumer transaction the seller is well informed and consumer on the other hand are ignorant thus the need for the government to impose some form of control on consumer transactions. The governments through legalisations impose regulations which govern the business dealings and any business must be conducted with the confines of the law. Features in the movie and chapter 8 The right to know First in conducting business the business world is required to perform disclosure. This in the perspective of the consumer is the right to know. It is important so as to protect consumers from personal harm which includes economic loss and physical injury. The manufacturers are bound to disclose some information to consumers so that the consumers are able to make informed choices. The right to know is an individual right premised on the freedom of choice and freedom of contract. If a business person lies to a consumer in regard to the choice made by the consumer, then the business person denies th e consumer the freedom of choice. This in essence is a manipulation of the consumers’ decisions and thus violates their individual rights. Moral philosophers opine that an individual with all the relevant information is responsible for his decisions whether they were mistakes or not. On the other hand those who withhold relevant information to decision makers are accountable to any harm arising from such a decision made without the relevant information. Relevant information is necessary for economic interest of the decision maker. A good example is where the consumer is informed about the quality of a certain product. In this case the consumer is able to compare the quality of the various brands and at the same time bearing in mind the prices of the various brands. The consumer is able to choose a quality product at reasonable price in such a case (Woodroffe, Lowe, 2010 pp. 78-79). Regulations of quality standards- consumer health and safety The government ensures that the ec onomic rights of consumers are protected by ensuring that consumer are offered adequate and complete information as discussed above and that they are also offered reasonable contract terms. However the government may find that regulations relating to disclosure are not enough to protect the interest of the consumers, it may take further step to impose regulations on quality of products and services. The government regulations in form of quality standards include: imposing minimum educational requirement and also licensing professional suppliers, imposing the standards for the practices and procedures of all sorts in business, specifications for the services and goods, and a combination of any of the above standards of quality. The various governments attempt to ensure enforcement of the above quality standards by inspections, licensing, reviews, and approvals of final products before they are released into the market is to ensure that they are safe for the consumers. The government have imposed such quality standard on various industries which include the food industries and textile industries. Regulation of trade practices – South Africa The general rule is that under commercial law applicable in many countries and general principles of contract the seller is liable for any misrepresentation made to the consumers. However there is an exception to this

Discrimination And Empowerment In Mental Health Social Work Essay

Discrimination And Empowerment In Mental Health Social Work Essay This essay will firstly define what discrimination is and what it means to discriminate against something. It will then explain what it means to discriminate against someone or a group in social work practice. This will be a very broad definition that encompasses a variety of different service user groups. Examples will be used to demonstrate what discrimination may look like in social work practice and everyday life. To gain a better understand the essay will critically explore theory and ideas around power and how power manifests between groups. This part of the essay will touch on the idea of othering. The essay will use social constructionism theory to analyse this concept of power. The essay will then focus in on mental health. This part of the essay will firstly look at what a mental health problem is and explore the stigma of being labelled with a mental health problem. The essay will then go deeper to focus on how the western medical model can discriminate against Black and Ethnic Minority groups (BME), even if indirectly. The essay will then critically explore why BME adults, particularly men, are overrepresented in the mental health service. Links will be made to institutional racism and the fact that BME children are underrepresented in child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). In in broadest definition, to discriminate means to differentiate or to recognise a distinction (Oxford Dictionaries 2012). In this broad sense it is a part of daily life to discriminate. For example, an adult may discriminate between lanes on a motorway and a baby will often discriminate between a stranger and their caregiver. Discrimination becomes a problem when the difference or recognised distinction is used for the basis of unfair treatment. This is the discrimination that social workers need to be vigilant for. Discrimination is not always intentional (Thompson 2009) and there are various types of discrimination (EHRC 2012). Discrimination can be direct, indirect, based on the perception that someone has a protected characteristic or discriminate against someone who is associated with a person who has a protected characteristic (EHRC 2012). The Equality Act (2010) also aims to protect people with a protective characteristic(s) from victimisation, harassment and failure to make reasonable adjustments (Home Office 2012). Thompsons (1997) PCS model demonstrates that discrimination is not always on a personal level and it is not just solely down to the individual. I will return to the PCS model later on in the essay. Social workers act as mediators between service users and the state. Social workers are in a role that can potentially empower or oppress (Thompson 1997). For this reason Thompson (1997: 11) argues that good practice must be anti-discriminatory practice. All other areas of practice could be brilliant and the social worker could have very good intentions but if the social worker cannot recognise the marginalised position of some of the people they are working with their interventions could potentially further oppress (Thompson 1997). Thompson (1997) reminds the reader many times throughout the book that If youre not part of the solution you are part of the problem. I choose to include this because it reinforces that social workers need to challenge discrimination and take action against it. To accept it and to not swim against the tide does indeed make us part of the problem. Where does discrimination come from and why do people, institutions and systems discriminate against people? This part of the essay will critically explore the concept of power and social constructionism in relation to discrimination and social work. Power is defined by Haralambos and Holborn 2000: 540) very loosely as the ability to get your own way even when others are opposed to your wishes. This is of course a very simple definition of a complex concept. There are many models and theories around power. Thompson (1998: 42) identified a common theme of the ability to influence or control people, events, processes or resources. These common themes of power all have the potential to be used destructively in social work. Social workers have the ability and power to influence and control, whether this is on an individual personal level or as a gate keeper of services or agent of control. Social workers need to be aware of power as they work with people who are marginalised and powerles s in comparison; people who social workers could potentially oppress and even worse, abuse. Giddens (1993) makes close links between power and inequality. EHRC Equality and human rights commission., 2012. [Viewed 2012.11.10] What is discrimination? [online]. Available from http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/advice-and-guidance/education-providers-schools-guidance/key-concepts/what-is-discrimination/ Giddens, A., 1993. Sociology (2nd ed). Cambridge: Polity Haralambos, M, Holborn, M., 2000. Sociology themes and perspectives. London: HarperCollins Publishers Ltd Home Office., 2012. [viewed 2012.11.11] Equality Act 2010 [online]. Available from http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/equalities/equality-act/ Oxford Dictionaries., 2012. [Viewed 2012.10.19] Discriminate [Online]. Available from http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/discriminate?q=discriminate Thompson, N., 1997. Anti-Discriminatory practice (2nd ed). Basingstoke: Macmillan Press Thompson,N., 1998. Promoting Equality challenging discrimination and oppression in human services. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press Ltd Thompson, N., 2009. Practising social work. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan

Free Oedipal Complex Essays: Hamlet’s Oedipus Complex :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Hamlet’s Oedipus Complex In Shakespeare’s play of Hamlet, we are under the impression that Hamlet has an unconscious longing for his mother. The death of Ophelia assists in displaying Hamlet’s actions of being insane. Hamlet also subconsciously reveals the truth about his feelings, whether he realizes them or not. Hamlet communicates on two different levels throughout the play. Hamlet's intimacy with Ophelia shows that he could love other then his mother and father. By having Ophelia, rather than Polonius read the love letter to Claudius, Ophelia is reminded of Hamlet offering his love to her. This presents another sight of Hamlet in a state of well being. By generating the illusion of a serious, committed relationship between Hamlet and Ophelia, the failure of this relationship a crucial factor of Hamlet's madness. At Ophelia’s funeral Hamlet says, "I loved you ever. But it is no matter. Let Hercules himself do what he may, the cat will mew, and dog will have his day". The tragic death of Ophelia is clearly contributed to Hamlet's mental lapses. In one of Hamlet’s rages he says, "Here, thou incestuous, murd’rous, damnèd Dane, drink off this portion". When Hamlet says that to the King, he mentions incest, which has nothing to do with the King and the Queen. Hamlet might have subconsciously set off an indication of secret urges be tween him and his mother. When words seem like normal conversation, there can be feelings expressed without being conscious of it. Like when Hamlet sets out rules for the Gertrude’s sexuality in their long talk alone, which seems very unusual. "O, throw away the worser part of it, and live the purer with the other half. Good night – but go not to my uncle’s bed". Hamlet suggests that his mother should be in love with him instead of his uncle. Neither Hamlet nor Gertrude realize at this point what Hamlet really means. Also, when Hamlet talks to his mother later on, he suggests that her relationship with the King makes him jealous, "Let the bloat king tempt you again to bed, pinch wanton on you cheek, call you his mouse, and let him, for a pair of reechy kisses, or paddling your neck with his damned fingers†¦". Desire is in the unconscious when we lived out the Oedipal dream, it was destined to be in a warped form, and there's surely an echo of that.

Main thrends in phonemic theory Essay

Methods of Phonological Analysis. The Main Trends in the Phoneme Theory It is generally acknowledged that the phoneme is one of the basic language units. However, it is described by different scholars and representatives of different linguistic schools in different ways. Before we look at the most significant theories, lets say a quick word on the history of phonological studies and mention the names of outstanding scholars who contributed to the understanding of this complicated language phenomenon. In the 1960s there appeared the so-called new phonology which was aimed at explaining how speech is actually produced and understood by the humans. Generative phonology represented by a well-known American linguist N.Chomsky viewed phonology in close connection with syntax and semantics. The ideas of generative phonology were represented in the book by Chomsky and M.Halle The Sound Pattern of English. Classical static phonological models were aimed at creating classifications of the sound system of a particular language. Dynamic models were aimed at establishing the sound pattern of an utterance on the basis of its semantic and grammar characteristics. Now lets try to group these schools into bigger categories and see what is the main criterion in the approach of linguists to the phoneme. In fact, the main criterion is three aspects of the phoneme. Some linguists exaggerate the abstract aspect of the phoneme and ignore the material aspect. Others, on the contrary, pay more attention to the material aspect and ignore the abstract one. We must admit that no theories ignore the functional aspect. I. Conceptions that pay special attention to the abstract aspect. According to mentalistic and psychological view, the phoneme is an ideal mental image, it doesnt exist objectively, it exists only in the mind of the speaker. Actual speech sounds are imperfect realization of it. These ideals were expressed by Baudauin de Courtenay and by Sommerfelt. II.   Conception that can be called functional because special focus is given to the ability of the phoneme to differentiate the meaning. III. The group concerned with the material aspect. The physical view represented by Daniel Jones and B.Bloch regards the phoneme as the family of related sounds. In other words the phoneme is a mechanical sum of its allophones. So, similarity between sounds is considered to be the main criterion for attributing them to a particular phoneme. We see that the representatives of this approach ignore the abstract and functional aspect of the phoneme. 1) to establish distinctive  difference between sounds, that is to establish relevant features 2) to create the inventory of the phonemes and establish the phonemic system of a language.